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BSCI 1510L Literature and Stats Guide: 4 Summary of the Writing Guide and Further Information

Introduction to Biological Sciences lab, first semester

Summary of the Writing Guide Contents

From observations of many years of students, we know that 1) you are good at remembering details (and promptly forgetting) and 2) you have no idea how to connect all of the seemingly random 'dots' of information.

Thus, many of you learned about systemic nomenclature (scientific names) and then forgot about it. Many of you learning what 'micro' to 'milli' converts back and forth to and now confuse the two units (which is a major difference!).

Now, you may be asking "Why is all of this material important?".

Quite simply, by following the information expressed and the formats presented earlier, you will be five steps ahead of anyone else who is clueless.

Several of you will have been marked on assignments for not labeling a table or figure correctly, for doing a scientific name wrong (in all the wrong ways possible), not expressing the correct statistical value, and other infractions.  This should not be occurring as the majority of the content in the Writing Guide are simple ideas and formats.

Now for an example:

"texas"

 

What is incorrect with "texas"?

 

Everyone should be saying that the 't' should be 'T' since it is a proper noun, etc.

Perfect.  You learned that in 1st or 2nd grade, and why?  Is it some sort of Law or something?  Not really, however it is the accepted format and the 'rule' to follow.  And anyone who does not do so would be showing a basic lack of knowledge, correct?

You now, as an experienced person, write "Texas" with a 'T' without even thinking about it because you learned to do so and know to do so.

 

"L.o.L. (laughing out loudly)"

What is incorrect in that?  (Which is something possibly that older aunt or uncle or grandparent sent you when they started texting)

 

Everyone is probably first, groaning about how lame that looks (and that yes, they have received a message like that!) and second, that virtually no one with any general knowledge or familiarity with text abbreviations and modern speech phrasing would do that.  It's 'LOL' or 'lol' in most cases.  And anyone who actually typed out the 'L.o.L.' (and did a parentheses) would be showing that they are not knowledgeable and in reality would be posing, would be trying to fake it, correct?

You also write '"lol" without even thinking about it because you learned to do so and know to do so.

 

Now, when YOU type e. Coli or E. Coli , or make a table and call that a figure, or copy-paste the Excel screenshot of all 48 numbers of data and do not indicate in the text what the p-value is.....you are doing exactly that:

You are showing your lack of knowledge about the material and also that you are trying to fake your way through it.

You have been shown "the rules" of how to write for Science. 

You (by the middle of the semester) should know how to do so because you have learned to do so.

 

4 For further information

Ambrose, H. W., III. and K. P. Ambrose. 1995. A handbook of biological investigation. 5th ed. Hunter Textbooks, Inc. Winston-Salem, NC.

Day, R. A. 1983. How to write and publish a scientific paper. 2nd edition. ISI Press, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

McMillan, Victoria E. 1988. Writing papers in the biological sciences. St. Martin’s Press, Inc., New York, New York, USA.

Neter, E., P. L. Altman, M. W. Burgan, N. H. Holmgren, G. Pollock, E. M. Zipf. 1983. CBE style manual: a guide for authors, editors, and publishers in the biological sciences. 5th edition.  ouncil of Biology Editors, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Steingraber, S., C. Jolls, and D. Goldberg. 1985. Guidelines for Writing Scientific Papers.  Retrieved from http://www.bms.bc.ca/resources/library/pdf/GuidelinesScientificPapers.pdf on 2013-07-18.

Woodford, F. P., editor. 1986. Scientific writing for graduate students: a manual on the teaching of scientific writing. Committee on Graduate Training in Scientific Writing. Council of Biology Editors, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Additional web resources on critical analysis and scientific writing

How to read a scientific article. Rice University.  http://www.owlnet.rice.edu/~cainproj/courses/HowToReadSciArticle.pdf

How to cite sources in scientific literature. Timothy Allen. Dartmouth College. http://tim.thorpeallen.net/Courses/Reference/Citations.html

Anatomy of an Article. Arizona State University. https://askabiologist.asu.edu/explore/anatomy-of-an-article

Review of active vs. passive voice in scientific writing. http://www.biomedicaleditor.com/active-voice.html

General outline of a research report. Vanderbilt University. https://www.vanderbilt.edu/writing/wp-content/uploads/sites/164/2016/10/Scientific-Research-Reports-and-Proposals.pdf

Clarifying long, complicated sentences. Vanderbilt University. https://www.vanderbilt.edu/writing/wp-content/uploads/sites/164/2016/10/Clarifying-Long-Complicated-Sentences.pdf

Eliminating unnecessary words. Vanderbilt University. https://www.vanderbilt.edu/writing/wp-content/uploads/sites/164/2016/10/Eliminating-Unnecessary-Words.pdf

Writing a bioinformatics research paper. https://shirleywho.wordpress.com/2008/09/30/how-to-write-a-bioinformatics-research-paper/

Example figure legends: http://www.apsstylemanual.org/oldmanual/resources/figures-example.htm

Figure legend writing: http://www.biosciencewriters.com/Tips-for-Writing-Outstanding-Scientific-Figure-Legends.aspx

Developing an Academic Voice for Writing. Vanderbilt University. https://www.vanderbilt.edu/writing/wp-content/uploads/sites/164/2016/10/Academic-Voice.pdf

Frey, P. A. (2003). Guidelines for writing research papers. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education31(4), 237-241.

Specific suggestions for structuring papers. Angel Borja.  https://www.elsevier.com/connect/11-steps-to-structuring-a-science-paper-editors-will-take-seriously

Creative Thinking/ Analysis

Moving from Description to Analysis. Vanderbilt University. https://www.vanderbilt.edu/writing/wp-content/uploads/sites/164/2016/10/Moving-from-Description-to-Analysis.pdf

Critical Appraisal of Scientific Articles. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696241/

Critical Analysis of Biomedical Publications. https://www.science.mcmaster.ca/biopharm/images/files/handouts/critanal.pdf