Cardiology: APA

What is APA style?

The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association provides detailed guidelines on all aspects of the writing process, from the ethics of authorship to the word choice that best reduces bias in language. APA Style is the preferred citation style for the social and behavioral sciences disciplines.

Report by a Government Agency

Last name, First initial or Government Agency. (Year of publication). Title of work. Parent Agency. https://www.xxxxxxx

Example: National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. (1979). The Belmont report: Ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/belmont-report/read-the-belmont-report/index.html

Books

Entire Print Book with an Author:

• Author last name, First initial. Second initial. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher.
• Example: Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication. American Psychological Association.

Entire Print Book with an Editor: 

• Editor last name, First initial. Second initial. (Eds.). (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher.
• Example: Duncan, G. J., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (Eds.). (1997). Consequences of growing up poor. Russell Sage Foundation.

Chapter in Print Book:

• Author last name, First initial. Second initial. (Year of publication). Title of chapter: Capital letter also for subtitle. In Editor first initial. Second initial. Last name & Editor first initial. Second initial. Last name (Eds.), Title of book (pages of chapter). Publisher.
• Example: Dillard, J. P. (2020). Currents in the study of persuasion. In M. B. Oliver, A. A. Raney, & J. Bryant (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (4th ed., pp. 115–129). Routledge.

Chapter in Online Book:

• Author last name, First initial. Second initial. (Year of publication). Title of chapter: Capital letter also for subtitle. In Editor first initial. Second initial. Last name & Editor first initial. Second initial. Last name (Eds.), Title of book (pages of chapter). Publisher. https://doi.org/xxxxxxx
• Example: Aron, L., Botella, M., & Lubart, T. (2019). Culinary arts: Talent and their development. In R. F. Subotnik, P. Olszewski-Kubilius, & F. C. Worrell (Eds.), The psychology of high performance: Developing human potential into domain-specific talent (pp. 345–359). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000120-016

Online Book:

• Author last name, First initial. Second initial. (Year of publication; use n.d. if no date is available). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher. https://www.xxxxxxx
• Example: Jackson, L. M. (2019). The psychology of prejudice: From attitudes to social action (2nd ed.). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000168-000

Journal Articles

Print Journal Article:

• Author last name, First initial. Second initial., Author last name, First initial. Second initial., & Author last name, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year of publication). Article title. Journal Title, volume number(issue number if available), pages.
• Example: Scruton, R. (1996). The eclipse of listening. The New Criterion, 15(3), 5-13.

Online Journal Article with DOI:

• Author last name, First initial. Second initial., & Author last name, First initial. Second initial. (Year of publication). Article title. Journal Title, volume number(issue number if available), page range. https://doi.org/10.0000/0000
• Example: Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24(2), 225–229. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225

Online Journal Article with No DOI: 

• Author last name, First initial. Second initial., & Author last name, First initial. Second initial. (Year of publication). Article title. Journal Title, volume number(issue number if available). https://www.xxxxxxx
• Example: Kenneth, I. A. (2000). A Buddhist response to the nature of human rights. Journal of Buddhist Ethics, 8. https://www.cac.psu.edu/jbe/twocont.html

Websites

Author last name, First initial. Second initial., & Author last name, First initial. Second initial. (Last update or copyright date; if not known, put n.d.). Title of page. Website name. https://www.xxxxxxx

Example: Hall-Flavin, D. K. (2016). What is passive-aggressive behavior? What are some of the signs? Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/expert-answers/passive-aggressive-behavior/faq-20057901